Selenium-Containing Polysaccharides—Structural Diversity, Biosynthesis, Chemical Modifications and Biological Activity

Selenosugars are a group of sugar derivatives great structural diversity (e.g., molar masses, selenium oxidation state, and binding), obtained as result biosynthesis, chemical modification natural compounds, or synthesis. Seleno-monosaccharides disaccharides known to be non-toxic products the metabolism compounds in mammals. In case selenium-containing polysaccharides origin, their formation is also postulated form detoxification excess microorganisms, mushroom, plants. The valency can be: 0 (encapsulated nano-selenium), IV (selenites polysaccharides), II (selenoglycosides built into ring replace oxygen). interest Se-polysaccharides results from expected synergy between polysaccharides. Several plant- mushroom-derived potent macromolecules with antitumor, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, other biological properties. Selenium, trace element fundamental importance human health, has been shown possess several analogous functions. mechanism by which exerts anticancer immunomodulatory activity differs that polysaccharide fractions, but similar pharmacological effect suggests possible these two agents. Various functions have explored, including immune-enhancement, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective activities. Due being much less toxic than inorganic potential dietary supplements could used, e.g., chemoprevention.